Environmental Crisis and Global Warming Essay Example for Free

Natural Crisis and Global Warming Essay The world and humankind are confronting diverse basic issues and issues which we definitely need to manage. These worries have extraordinary effect on our lives. Ordinary individuals need to help themselves to remember these different risks to their reality. The media along with various associations help us to turn out to be increasingly mindful of the issues as of now on our middle. Individuals may not think that its a disturbing and difficult issue since the peril right now is insignificant however sometime we will come to understand that we truly are into genuine threat. Worldwide issues are worldwide concerns. It is looked about the world not simply on a specific area. It is an overall issue that should be address. There are numerous sorts and types of current worldwide issues that the world needs to confront. There is the financial emergency felt everywhere throughout the world. Different medical problems that came out as more individuals get helpless against disease and different types of sicknesses. There is fear based oppression which is an emergency in harmony and request and security. There is likewise issue on moral debasement of the general public. In conclusion is the a worldwide temperature alteration or worldwide climatic change. Despite the fact that some accept a dangerous atmospheric devation to be a deception, extreme climate repercussions and ecological emergency demonstrate the inverse. This a dangerous atmospheric devation is a disturbing ecological issue on a worldwide scale. A few people despite everything have questions if the a worldwide temperature alteration issue is genuine or is only a nonexistent tension created by researcher who has anticipated it as a major issue sooner rather than later. There was many data discharged about the beginning of a dangerous atmospheric devation. Numerous individuals have made exploration and studies to examine these wonders. Narratives are produce to open the brains and advise people in general with respect to the new discoveries in regards to the issue. An individual perception on our condition and a closer report will assist one with discovering and become familiar with the advancement in regards to the current issue on an unnatural weather change. Large Picture of the Environmental Crisis Global warming, what does it truly mean? What causes an Earth-wide temperature boost? What elements add to this issue? What's more, what are the impacts of a worldwide temperature alteration? These are the inquiries as often as possible posed in regards to this worldwide natural issue. A worldwide temperature alteration is generally known as the warming of the planet cause by the ozone depleting substances that caught the warmth. An Earth-wide temperature boost is otherwise called worldwide climatic change or worldwide climatic interruption. A worldwide temperature alteration came about because of the expansion in heat-catching gases in the air that causes the enhanced hydrological cycle bringing about expanded precipitation and flooding in certain districts and progressively extreme aridity in different territories. (Woods Hole Research Center, 2008) The expression â€Å"climatic change† is favored as of late to be use than a dangerous atmospheric devation since it passes on that there are different changes beside rising temperatures. An Earth-wide temperature boost includes the normal increment in temperature of the environment close the earth’s surface and in the troposphere, which can contribute in worldwide atmosphere designs. An unnatural weather change and climatic change can be brought about by an assortment of components, both normal and human-instigated. (Natural Protection Agency, 2008) Ozone layer exhaustion is customarily mistaken for a worldwide temperature alteration. Environmental change and ozone exhaustion are not quite the same as each other however interrelated issues. Ozone consumption isn't the chief reason for environmental change and environmental change isn't the chief reason for ozone exhaustion. In any case, ozone draining gases, for example, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and halons are ozone depleting substances that do add to environmental change. Ozone itself is an ozone harming substance that has impact on atmosphere. What's more, certain progressions in earth’s atmosphere could influence the future state of the ozone layer. For instance, low temperature and solid polar breezes both influence the degree and seriousness of winter polar ozone exhaustion. (EPA, 2008) The nursery impact is a characteristic wonder that controls the earth’s temperature. Ozone harming substances (e. g. , carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, chlorofluorocarbons) act like protecting cover, catching sun based vitality that would some way or another break into space. Without this common nursery impact temperatures would be about 60oF lower than they are presently and life as we as a whole realize it today would not be conceivable. Anyway human exercises, essentially the consuming of non-renewable energy sources and freeing from timberland and industrialization have upgrade the characteristic nursery impact, causing the earth’s normal temperature to rise. (EPA, 2008) The nursery impact was first portrays in quite a while by a Swedish scientist, Svante Arrhenius, in the late 1800s. Anyway it wasn’t until the next century that Arrhenius’ hypothesis was watched. During the 1930s, researcher understood that pieces of the globe had warmed during the past 50 years. At that point in mid 1960s researcher found that the degree of carbon dioxide in the environment was rising. Scientists started to take intrigue and found a solid relationship in the middle of the expanding carbon dioxide and normal worldwide temperature. (EPA, 2008) Human-initiated worldwide climatic change is in progress. The IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) presumed that worldwide mean surface air temperature has expanded between around 0. 5 and 1. 1 degrees Fahrenheit over the most recent 100 years and foresees a further proceeding with ascent of 1. 8 to 6. 3 degrees Fahrenheit during the following century. Ocean level has ascended on normal 4-10 crawls during the previous 100 years and is relied upon to rise another 6 creeps to 3 feet by 2100. (WHRC, 2008) Charts and diagrams indicated disturbing patterns. Barometrical carbon dioxide fixation has increment consistently in the course of recent years. The expansion in the temperature is seen just as the expansion of the ocean level. More unsettling influences in atmosphere designs have been more noteworthy in the earlier years. These are ecological changes brought by this issue on an unnatural weather change. Being Environmentally Conscious What are the approaches to be cognizant and mindful of our effect on earth? Individuals need to discover ways or elective vitality assets. In the US for instance the vitality related exercises represent more than 75% of human created nursery discharge, for the most part as carbon dioxide emanations from copying petroleum derivatives. Improved vitality effectiveness is seen as one of the least expensive, best and most secure approaches to diminish a worldwide temperature alteration. Structures should rehearse vitality effectiveness. Cutting the fuel cost out and about by compelling gas mileage will likewise help. Making home apparatuses more vitality proficient will fundamentally diminish vitality utilization. (wecansolveit. organization, 2008) Adoption of inexhaustible assets will help break the dependence on petroleum products like coal and oil by changing to sustainable power source. These incorporate breeze power, sunlight based warm, sun based photovoltaics and geothermal force. (wecansolveit. organization, 2008) Campaigns like â€Å"Zero Waste for Zero Warming† ought to likewise be bolstered. Landfills were seen as the biggest wellspring of methane (CH4) in the US, an Earth-wide temperature boost gas multiple times more remarkable than CO2. Poisonous dumps, landfills and incinerators must not go on without serious consequences. Individuals ought to figure out how to reuse and abstain from littering. We can likewise utilize fabric sacks as shopping packs to limit squander. We have to advance green homes and organizations accordingly taking screen of our own carbon impression. (Worldwide Day Action, 2007) The Outcome If We Don’t Change Things: Who and What Will Be Affected? Extreme climate changes will be the result if an Earth-wide temperature boost won't be resolve early. These incorporates climatic change that will add to progressively dangerous tropical storms and floods like Katrina, Gustav and Ike that cost a huge number of harms to property and life. Extreme dry seasons will be involvement with different pieces of the world, lethal warmth waves, out of control fires and sea temperatures rising. It will likewise influence the precipitation by expanding around 5 percent in barometrical water fume over the seas expanding the danger of overwhelming precipitation and snow occasions. Researcher likewise anticipated that the worldwide normal ocean level will ascend by 7 to 24 creeps by 2100 because of warm development alone. Arctic’s normal temperature increments are about twice that of the remainder of the world. The ice ocean ice could basically vanish throughout the mid year of 2020. Softening of permafrost will proceed. This permafrost is ice that has forever solidified into the ground. The permafrost traps methane and when the dissolving proceeds with it will discharge a greater amount of it into the environment. Liquefying because of environmental change is relied upon to diminish the size and degree of the polar ice tops, in any event, considering the capability of more day off ice amassing on the ice sheets because of expanded precipitation. Temperature changes in the Arctic Circle additionally cause polar bears to kick the bucket. Additionally temperatures underneath seas caused devastation of coral reefs. Biological systems will likewise be influenced in light of floods and dry spell could prompt the danger of eradication for certain creatures and plant species. Agribusiness and cultivating will likewise be influenced because of climate limits. Human wellbeing will likewise be incredibly influenced which will bring about builds instances of intestinal sickness and dengue episode. Warmth related sickness and cold related disease will increment. (EPA, 2008). Sandra Steingraber the creator of Living Downstream likewise referenced that the expansion in malignancy cases is credited to ecological impacts. The US Climate Policy The United States Federal Government has set up a thorough approach to address environmental change. This arrangement has three essential destinations to be specific: easing back the development of outflows, fortifying science, innovation and establishments and upgrading worldwide collaboration. The national government is executing this strategy through willful and motivation ba

Symptom Recital by Dorthy Graves

In this organization I will analyze and differentiating two sonnets from our affection sonnet determinations. The two sonnets I will utilize are â€Å"Symptom Recital† by Dorothy Parker and â€Å"Symptoms of Love† by Robert Graves. These are two of the sonnets I discovered generally intriguing inside our determinations, in light of the fact that in both â€Å"Symptom Recital† and â€Å"Symptoms of love† the two creators delineate the emotions their speakers experience with adoration. In these two sonnets the distinctions out weight the likenesses. The distinctions in these sonnets are very noticeable.In â€Å"Symptom recital† Dorothy Parker communicates a woman’s emotions after an awful separation. Parker communicates the anguish and nauseate the lady feels about herself, the contempt and the perspective she is at present in. Parker at that point utilizes metaphors’ to communicate the woman’s considerations of consternation, for example, in line eleven and twelve (I’m baffled, void breasted/for what I figure I ought to be captured). These lines parker communicates that the lady is figuring awful considerations of herself and that these idea could be horrible to such an extent that on the off chance that they were brought to the open she would most unquestionably be arrested.While in the past sonnet we saw that Parker was communicating the evil sentiments of a separation, presently in Robert Graves’s sonnet â€Å"Symptoms of Love† is communicating the emotions and feelings somebody suffers while experiencing love. Graves delineates the here and there feelings that adoration gives. The cerebral pains in light of how much the speaker thinks about the other. How those cerebral pains go to Jealousy and bad dreams. Graves communicates these in representations in line one and four through eight. love is an all inclusive headache/Symptoms of genuine romance/are leanness, desire/slow poke sunri ses;/are signs and bad dreams/tuning in for a thump). In these lines Graves shows the feelings of connections and how they all tie together in one major ball. The similitudes both these sonnets share is the way that the two speakers are indicating feelings that accompany love. Both the feelings the creators show are strife, regardless of whether it is while right now in the relationship like â€Å"symptom of Love† appears or after the relationship which â€Å"Symptom Recital† expresses.Both of these sonnets both end in a to some degree glad tune, for instance in Symptom presentation the entire sonnet is exceptionally upsetting yet finishes on a positive not that one day the speaker will discover love once more. While in â€Å"Symptoms of love† the speaker tone is of the fact that it is so difficult to be infatuated however at long last wouldn’t do it for anybody other than the individual he imparts his adoration to. Taking everything into account the two sonnets were compelling, feeling filled sonnets of the hardships and delights in affection and a relationship.

Confucianism and Buddhism Essay Example For Students

Confucianism and Buddhism Essay Humanities How did Confucianism and Buddhism Essay help Chinese society? These two religions impacted individuals to have an administrator life by having great conduct. Confucianism and Buddhism set various norms to modify individuals lives. There convictions impact China and alter numerous individuals lives to make China a superior society. Confucianism had such an incredible effect on China development, in expansion not exclusively did Confucianism had such an extraordinary effect on China Progress, however did as well Buddhism. Confucius was the originator of Confucianism; anyway Buddha was the originator of Buddhism. These two religions both accepted to two unique convictions that change china society. Confucianism accepted that you demonstrated consistently love and care for your folks and kids, devotion to the state, and genuineness and dependability. Then again Buddhism offered the expectation of endless satisfaction and its extraordinary solicitation was ensure escape from anguish. Likewise Confucianism not just needed dedication to one another in China, he additionally needed individuals to carry on with a human life dodging awful words and activities. Anyway Buddhism expressed five denials one must not slaughter or burglarize, submit infidelity, falsehood, or drink wine. These two religions anticipated that harmony should China development they expected the best structure one another. On the off chance that the China Society didn't obey there rules, there would be a punishment on them. Buddhism and Confucianism both effect China Society. They helped the individuals become increasingly mindful and aware towards one another. Confucianism encouraged how guardians and kids ought to have regard for each other, this assistance carry harmony to Chinese human progress. Then again Buddhism helped advance Chinas printing procedures; he likewise set The Eightfold Path which is a lot of directions on the best possible way individuals could end languishing. In the event that it were not for these two religions china society would not have been as incredible as it seemed to be. Confucianism and Buddhism both set a major objective to Chinese human progress these guidelines changed numerous individuals lives. It assists China with improving as an increasingly fruitful and tranquil spot. Finding out about these two religions indicated me a wide range of rules and how it effect or impact. I now not just think about the Catholic and Christian religion, I effectively succeed finding out around two unique sorts of Ancient Chinese religion. Finding out about Confucianism and Buddhism was an extraordinary encounters I delighted in finding out about it and it was two extremely fascinating themes to expound on. .

Longing for Past or Looking Towards Future What Is Better

Longing for Past or Looking Towards Future What Is Better? There are people who tend to look back into their past so often that they don’t have time to enjoy the present; others live in their dreams of future. To my mind, the both groups of people are missing the most important period of time – the present, which is where they live, what they do and what they really are. Let us consider what the most wide-spread reasons for such unreasonable behavior are and the ways out of them. The first case – when a person â€Å"lives† in the past – can be explained by events that happened to this person some time ago. The person might have got so used to some environment, that when it changed, he or she just can’t find a reason to move forward and develop. Apart from some important reasons that can lead to this – such as death of a close person – people, unfortunately, can choose this line of behavior just because they don’t have a willing to improve themselves, think over some new ways of life or just change something. In this situation the best way out will be stringing oneself up to overcome this situation and start getting a charge out of present. The second – life in dreams of future – is usually observed in cases of dreamy people who haven’t enough will and concentration to implement their dreams in reality. Such people cannot feel the real happiness, as they are satisfied only in their dreams, while their actual surrounding can be far from the imaginary one. In such a situation the best way out is to collect oneself, write down the most verisimilar dreams and make a plan of their implementation. And, of course, the most important step will be the plan’s realization. On balance, the way out of both extremes is rather difficult and can cause lots of problems. Thus, it is better to learn how to live successfully right now and not waste even a moment of your precious life.

The Arab Conquest As A Divine Prophecy - 880 Words

In the years of the Byzantine Empire, they experienced a stressful shift between the 5th and 7th century. A shift forced unto them by their god, believed to be a divine prophecy, a punishment for their Christian sins. For centuries Christian authors and theologians analyzed and made attempts to make sense of this prophecy. Many patriarchs made connections with events from the Old Testament and not only seeing parallel symbols, but being more self aware of the people and their actions. Questioning the Muslims and their success along with the failures of defense. The early Byzantine authors described the Arab Conquest as a â€Å"divine prophecy†. In a way, a punishing karma for the poorly followed principles of the Byzantine Christians as they explain. At the fore front of confliction, the beginnings of the Arab Conquest, Patriarch Sophronius of Jerusalem gave a sermon on Christmas in the year 634. At this time, the Arabs had occupied much of Palestine and Bethlehem, this prevented the Christian pilgrims from visiting the scene of the Nativity for the first time in ages, this made a deep impact on the Byzantine bishop and theologian Sophronius. For Sophronius sermon, he found many scriptures within the Old Testament paralleling the current situation of Christians further connecting with this â€Å"divinely sent punishment for Christian sins† (139). â€Å"Because of countless sins and very serious faults, we have become unworthy of the sight of Bethlehem.... bound by fear of theShow MoreRelatedSighs of the Day of Judgement According to Islam4010 Words   |  17 Pageslate into the night * When the last ones of the Ummah begin to curse the first ones * People will claim to follow the Quran but will reject hadith amp; sunnah * People will believe in the stars * People will reject al-Qadr the Divine Decree of Destiny * Time will pass rapidly * Good deeds will decrease * Smog will appear over cities because of the evil that they are doing * People will be carrying on with their trade, but their will only be a few trustworthyRead MoreBible 104 Worldview Essay6535 Words   |  27 PagesThe book of Judges introduces us to the long years of Israel’s struggle to maintain control of the Promised Land and serves as the transition from the conquest to the kingdom. It deals with events following Joshua’s death (c. 1380 BC) The main body of the story revolves around six cycles of apostasy, repentance, and deliverance. God intervenes time and again to rescue the struggling Israelites from military oppression, spiritual depression, and ethnic annihilation. The book of Judges derives itsRead Moreghjfg6018 Words   |  25 Pagesbrought unbounded surprise; to others, over wide area, it brought the Schaden Freude of the bitterly hurt; but most of us, I judge, looked on silently and sorrowfully, in sober thought, seeing sadly the prophecy of our own souls. Here is a civilization that has boasted much. Neither Roman nor Arab, Greek nor Egyptian, Persian nor Mongol ever took himself and his own perfectness with such disconcerting seriousness as the modern white man. We whose shame, humiliation, and deep insult his aggrandizementRead Morehistory of philosophy5031 Words   |  21 Pagesstill being pursued today - is  Socrates, who studied under several Sophists. It is said that following a visit to the  Oracle of Delphi  he spent much of his life questioning anyone in Athens who would engage him, in order to disprove the oracular prophecy that there would be no man wiser than Socrates. Through these live dialogues, he examined common but critical concepts that lacked clear or concrete definitions, such as beauty and truth, and the virtues of piety, wisdom, temperance, courage, andRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesits long history of European culture. He brought new technology and new religion that spread throughout the hemisphere. He sent attack dogs to maul naked Indians, seized Caribbean women as sex slaves, and disemboweled other natives who resisted conquest. Many were hanged, some were burned alive. He chopped off the hands of thousands who were slow in producing the gold he wanted. Many Arawak Indians responded by committing a series of mass suicides. He shipped 500 Arawak Indians back on EuropeRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesâ€Å"courageous† were held in the highest esteem by managers from all 12 nations, but signiï ¬ cant national differences were found on 75 percent of the values (Bigoness Blakely, 1996). Another study of 658 Egyptians, 132 Americans, 43 Africans, and 101 Arabs found signiï ¬ cant national differences on both instrumental and terminal values, with Egyptians being least like Americans (Elsayed-Elkhouly Buda, 1997). In a national study of 1,460 American managers, Schmidt and Posner (1982) assessed which of these

Ethical Conflicts that can arise within Companies

The problem to be investigated is the conflict that can arise within companies between doing what is right (or moral) and doing what is often viewed as more important the attainment of corporate goals. This conflict is highlighted in the case study involving Fannie Mae (FM). (Jennings, 2009) In this case, corporate executives choose to focus on corporate goals and meeting the market expectations, ignoring any moral issued witch conflicted with the attainment of their goal. (Jennings, 2009) To understand the reasons for the executives actions and learn from their mistakes and misjudgments the following topics are reviewed: 1) ethics and social responsibility, 2) the importance of devolution, 3) the power and value of incentive plans, 4)†¦show more content†¦(Ormiston, 2010) Other examples of the rating firm’s reliance on others would include police reports, watchdog groups and the public media. A rating organization conducting personal interviews of the organizat ion is sure to have been presented a â€Å"one sided† view with the interviewed organization putting themselves in the best manner possible. Devolution In the FM case signals were missed and ignored. According to Merriam-Webster Dictionary, the meaning of devolution is the transferring of rights or powers to subordinate bodies. (Merriam-Webster, 2006) For FM there was no devolution – only centralized control around the goal of Earnings Per Share (EPS) of $6.46. (Jennings, 2009) In the case of the missed items, it is general knowledge that many employees and middle management are busy with their days work. In this rush of the day, it is foreseeable that when something looks as odd as an auditor giving an EPS speech a person might question this practice. Since many employees don’t have a lot of spare time and are only involved in a small piece of the organizations work they likely do not have a â€Å"big picture† concept of the organization. When knowledgeable of problems, proper questioning may not have occurred causing missed signals. If some employees would have known whatShow MoreRelatedBusiness E thics And Explain Its Nature Essay1677 Words   |  7 Pagesthe basic framework to run a business.It also gives the economic, legal and social boundaries within which businessmanmust conduct his business. Code of conduct: Businessman must follow the ethical code of conduct. They must know what to do for the welfare of society and what not to do, and what is right and wrong for the society. Based on moral and social values: Business ethics consists of ethical and social principles to run a business. 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Since we specialize in working with nonprofit companies the majority of clients we work with will have an Ethical Code asRead MoreCase Analysis : Business Management1717 Words   |  7 Pagesbehavior have studied ethics either as a subject in a business course or as an entire course. So what do you think went wrong? Though business executives must have gone through an ethical course at one point in their life, they still find themselves being involved in unethical behavior for many reasons. One is conflict of interests. An example is when there is a vacancy in a given business, and a relative of a business executive applies for a chance to fill the position. 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The hardware thatRead MoreUniversal Human Care Hospital: Corporate Governance and Ethical Responsibility1240 Words   |  5 Pages Corporate Governance and Ethical Responsibility Research Paper Introduction Dr. DoRight has recently been hired as the President of the Universal Human Care Hospital, where he oversees all departments with over 5,000 employees and over 20,000 patients at the medical facility. Dr. DoRight discovers that some patients within the hospital have been dying as a result of a variety of illegal procedures by doctors and nurses, and negligent supervision and oversight on their part. After two years

Critiques In Systems And Technology StayTogether HotellingCompany

Question: Discuss about the Critiques In Systems And Technology StayTogether Company. Answer: Introduction According to renowned business experts Puseljic, Skledar and Pokupec (2012), organisations will either succeed or disappear from the market based on the decisions made by managers. In fact, the quality and standards of the decisions they make outline the operational structure of an organisation which determine the future prospect of the system. In this case, therefore, decision making is seen as a crucial and basic function of an organisation management particularly a profit based business such as the one at hand. StayTogether is a merger of ten different hotels caused by the existing market pressures. In such a scenario, the decisions taken by the management to attract new customers while maintaining its patronage and brand are highly critical. Furthermore, the new company faces intense competition from the existing rivals which majorly causes it to shift focus to the customers in an attempt to realise their requirements thus offer better conditions. Moreover, their proposed changes which serve as strategic business decisions are highly dependent on information technology where systems such as online portals are set to be used as booking facilities for the services provided. In essence, these systems require as a solid foundation in the form of business models such as the four outline decisions in order to operate successfully (Yu, To Lee, 2012). However, they too (IT and IS) faces many challenges as will be highlighted in this report. In this report, the following assumptions are made; one, the proposed technological system are designed based on the existing business condition and by the internal IT personnel. Two, all users are conversant with technological systems such as websites and online portals. A critique of the management decisions StayTogether proposes four major decisions; offering loyalty rewards to their loyal customers, free meals (breakfast and dinner buffets), rebates on travels when using the organisations chosen carriers and engaging in social responsibility. These decisions serve as a plan that anticipates the present and future market conditions. In all, they seem to focus on the customer and not the market nor the competitors. In itself, this is an anticipative strategic plan that tries to predict the conditions, measure and objectives of the future through consumer centred outline (Acemoglu, Bimpikis Ozdaglar, 2014). So, how feasible are these decisions? Loyalty programs/schemes Businesses that operate in mature markets are always faced with the problem of presenting customers with new ideas that have not been seen before. The Hotelling industry is one of these fields that forces the participants to constantly reinvent themselves and loyalty programs are such ideas that constantly renew the desire of the customers (Akkhtar, 2015). Moreover, they motivate customers to stay with an organisation despite the emergence of new businesses in the same field. One notable advantage presented by loyalty programs is the edge they offer on price battles. This outcome is seen because consumers heavily bond with an organisation in an attempt to earn more rewards which increases their spending while increasing the referrals given by the satisfied customers. Furthermore, consider the statistics, according to Akkhtar (CEO Reward port, 2015), loyalty programs and schemes are known to generate over 20 percent of businesses profits when properly implemented. Moreover, a recent study by Data Candy (2013), outlined that 60 percent of all consumers spend in businesses that have loyalty programs. In addition to this, 84 percent of consumers will visit enterprises hosting rewards schemes to get more services or products. Therefore, the decision to incorporate loyalty programs in StayTogethers business operations will only increase their customer base by promoting their brand to their existing customers as well as new ones who they are set to acquire. Free meals as an inclusive service of the payments Marketing is a challenging aspect of a business that can yield good results if properly applied. StayTogether decision to offer free meals as part of the hotel prices is an innovative way of increasing the price of accommodation while facilitating an extra service to the customer. In essence, marketing is meant to invoke the curiosity of the customer who then becomes interested in trying new products or services (Karppinen, 2011). Although the meals are stated as free in the marketing plan, this service is paid for in the accommodation prices which raises amount earned from each guest while maintaining some sort of reward to the customer. Moreover, when faced with the choice between a competitor and StayTogether a new customer is more likely to pick the latter owing to the reward programs highlighted i.e. the first loyalty programs and now free meals. Nevertheless, this management decision should also outline a proper implementation strategy as it may fail to meet its objectives if the service offered supersedes the total amount paid by the customers. In other meal payment programs such as pay, as you eat, the organisation is able to manage the content given to customer based on the amount paid. However, open buffets as outlined by StayTogether may cause challenges since the business is unable to govern the quantity nor product taken by the customer. Therefore, a holistic plan that applies a maximum fee payment plan should be outlined regardless of the consumer to ensure the payment (for accommodation) are always above the service offered. This plan is the only way that the organisation will be able to reach its objective (Boulding, 1994). Travel rebates When faced with adversity, most organisations will seek innovation as a strategy to beating the existing problems. Indirect sale strategy such as rebates are good examples of practical sales innovation that are known to increase the sales of a business by providing customers with the discretion of choosing prices (High Tech, 2016). This strategy is vital in the modern market where customers have a wide range of demands including differing preferences which in most cases are governed by the price tags. StayTogether proposes an idea of giving customers credit if they travel with the carriers affiliated with it. In return, the customer can redeem the credit in the form of meals or free night accommodation. Now, consider a price sensitive customer who wishes to stay in a hotel for a day or two (due to the price) but can extend his stay if he uses a certain service. This customer is likely to invest in the service proposed by StayTogether to get the free night. Therefore, rebates will give customers a sense of control where their fate lies with their own actions i.e. spending preferences. Moreover, rebates can help StayTogether attain certain price margins based on the demands given by the customers. Therefore, unlike other discount strategies, the company will be able to offer extended rewards while limiting the number of users who partake in the venture. This outcome clearly outlines the reasons why rebates are more popular amongst suppliers (Hotel in this case) as they offer more control. On the other hand, the customers can receive unlimited rewards provided they put extra effort on their spending practices (Silk Janiszewski, 2004). Social responsibility An organisations social responsibility defines the relationship held with the surrounding systems/conditions, this includes the environment, employees, community and customers. Moreover, it outlines the role of the organisation in meeting the sustainability goals of the world more so, in an era faced by global warming and a wide wealth gap (Crowther Aras, 2008). Furthermore, there are the debates of ethical dilemma and issues which generally showcases the abstract nature of the concept. Nevertheless, for an organisation of StayTogether magnitude, social responsibility is not a supplementary function but a compulsory mandate. This because it outlines the values held by the business as well as the concern it holds for the environment. StayTogether outlines a conscious endeavour where customers are given the chance to give back to the community in the form of donations to chosen charities. In itself, this initiative will encourage customers to spend more when they can to increase the value of the 1 percent given to those in need. Moreover, it gives the consumers a sense of fulfilment in that they feel good about the actions they take which encourages them to interact with the facilitating organisation. Finally, it encourages the employees to have good moral and ethical standards while conducting their duties (Rangan, Chase Karim, 2012). Role of IS and IT plus the foreseeable issues Information technology (IT) serves as the foundation of businesses today as it provides a new and improved environments (digital) to conduct business. Moreover, IT offers the necessary resources to host information systems, solutions that manage and monitor enterprises operational activities (Ghobakhloo, Hong, Sabouri Zulkifli, 2012). StayTogether has identified a problem with the existing system where a range of third party websites is used to book the hotels facilities. These websites tarnish their brand and instead an internal website is proposed. Although beneficial this new system supported by both IS and IT structures will face a number of challenges as a result of the existing technological issues. First, the website will depend on IS that integrate the organisations operations with the service provided. Therefore, the organisation will have to contend with the users who are unable to operate the booking facilities which in the end may frustrate the customers lowering their clientele base. Moreover, this outcome will discriminate against older customers who are less acquainted with technological systems. Furthermore, merging IS will be another issue faced by the organisation as these systems will span multiple locations. On the other hand, IT systems will have resounding challenges in integrating data and policies from different countries. Furthermore, due to the volatility of the market, the system will have constant changes which present both a management and compatibility challenge (NCC, 2010). In the end, IT challenges may lower the analysis solutions adopted by the organisation in an attempt to understand their customers which may push them to use intuition or market conditions to make decisions. This outcome may lower their brand as they will align with the market norms. Moreover, as stated before, if the new information systems led by the new website contain too many changes some loyal customers may switch service providers so as to align with the new conditions. Conclusions The management decisions outlined by StayTogether are valid and well founded because they hold a realistic chance of meeting the companys objective. For one, they primarily shift the focus of the organisation to the customers which display market independence a verified concept of beating the competition in a highly competitive market. Secondly, they capitalise on the resources owned by the organisation i.e. restaurant in hotels and travel agencies or carriers affiliated with the company. Therefore, in building the bigger brand, the business also builds the smaller enterprises. Nevertheless, the proposed reward and loyalty programs should be clearly defined to increase revenues and not expenditures. On the other hand, StayTogether should employ other modern technologies and facilities to improve their business activities. For instance, the website proposed should be supported by a strong CRM (customer relationship management) system to enhance the relationship formed with the clients. Moreover, this system can also be integrated with an ERP system (enterprise resource planning) to manage the companys resources including personnel to provide optimal business operations. Finally, the affiliated businesses including suppliers and transport companies can be governed by SCM systems (Supply chain management) that monitor as well as manage input facilities. In the end, this integrated system will result in an efficient organisation supported by seamless operations. In addition to this, it will facilitate other business ventures such as real-time tour guides as well as personalised travel portals to hold user information and data e.g. picture and videos. References Acemoglu, D., Bimpikis, K., Ozdaglar, A. (2014). Dynamics of information exchange in endogenous social network. Theoretical Economics. Retrieved 11 May, 2017, from: https://economics.mit.edu/files/10411 Akkhtar. J. (2015). Are loyalty programs a necessity for business? Reward port. Retrieved 11 May, 2017, from: https://www.rewardport.in/download/RewardPortLoyaltyProgram.pdf Boulding. W. (1994). Understanding managers strategic decision making process. Marketing letters. Retrieved 11 May, 2017, from: https://www0.gsb.columbia.edu/mygsb/faculty/research/pubfiles/930/lehmann.pdf Crowther. D Aras. D. (2012). Corporate Social Responsibility. Book boon. Retrieved 11 May, 2017, from: https://mdos.si/Files/defining-corporate-social-responsibility.pdf Data candy. (2013). 5-Step Guide To Successful Loyalty Programs. Retrieved 11 May, 2017, from: https://s3.amazonaws.com/storage.pardot.com/141321/11540/5_Steps_to_Successful_Loyalty_DataCandy.pdf Ghobakhloo. M, Hong. T, Sabouri. M Zulkifli. N. (2012). Strategies for Successful Information Technology Adoption in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises. Information. Retrieved 11 May, 2017, from: https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/3/1/36/pdf. High tech. (2016). The Future of Incentive and Rebate Programs in the Channel. Model N. Retrieved 11 May, 2017, from: https://www.modeln.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/wp_The_Future_of_Incentive_and_Rebate_Programs_in_the_Channel.pdf Karppinen. M. (2011). Strategic marketing plan for a hotel. Hotel and restaurant business. Retrieved 11 May, 2017, from: https://www.google.com/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=3cad=rjauact=8ved=0ahUKEwiz16_cpefTAhWoDMAKHUxrCoQQFggyMAIurl=http%3A%2F %2Ffiles.gu.edu.ge%3A8008%2FBook%2Feleqtronuli%2520wignebi%2Fturizmis_%2520maspindzlobis%2520da%2520sastumros%2520%2520menejmenti%2520_%2520marketingi_%2520agricxva%2520da%2520ekonomika%2FStrat.Marketing%2520Plan%2520for%2520Hotel.pdfusg=AFQjCNE1JJ8qtUXx5saa4A9j7vcjiVD3Ggsig2=wUIc3f4gFLmcYM7NC5nfvQ NCC. (2010). Aligning IT with business strategy. Guidelines for IT management. Retrieved 11 May, 2017, from: https://connectingcare.org.uk/files/Align_IT_with_strategy.pdf Puseljic. M, Skledar. A Pokupec. I. (2012). Decision-making as a management function. Retrieved 11 May, 2017, from: ftp://ftp.repec.org/opt/ReDIF/RePEc/osi/journl/PDF/InterdisciplinaryManagementResearchXI/IMR11a20.pdf Rangan. K, Chase. L Karim. S. (2012). Why Every Company Needs a CSR Strategy and How to Build It. Working paper. Retrieved 11 May, 2017, from: https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Publication%20Files/12-088.pdf Smart Trade. (2016). Powering the grwoth of your business. STIL. Retrieved 11 May, 2017, from: https://www.smart-trade.co.nz/files/7060bd416078ed87c64eb1febb439ac8w640/272/SMART_TRADE_BR_AUG_2013.pdf?t=1416514239862 Silk. T Janiszewski. C. (2004). Managing Mail-in Rebate Promotions. Retrieved 11 May, 2017, from: https://warrington.ufl.edu/departments/mkt/docs/janiszewski/Rebate.pdf Yu. B, To. W Lee. P. (2012). Emerald Article: Quality management framework for public management decision making. Management Decision. Retrieved 11 May, 2017, from: https://www.irantahgig.ir/wp-content/uploads/10017.p

The Conflict Between the Individual and Society Essay Example For Students

The Conflict Between the Individual and Society Essay The conflict between society and the individual is a theme portrayed throughout Twains Huckleberry Finn. Huck was not raised in accord with the accepted ways of civilization. Huck faces many aspects of society, which makes him choose his own individuality over civilization. He practically raises himself, relying on instinct to guide him through life. As portrayed several times in the novel, Huck chooses to follow his innate sense of right, yet he does not realize that his own instincts are more moral than those of society. From the very beginning of Hucks story, Huck without a doubt states that he did not want to conform to society; The Widow Douglas she took me for her son, and allowed she would sivilize me I got into my old rags and my sugar hogshead again, and was free and satisfied(Twain, 2). Miss Watson lives with Huck and she is always picking at him, trying to make him become conventional. According to the essay, The Struggle to Find Oneself Huck has become so used to being free that he sees the Widow Douglas protection solely in terms of confinement. She doesnt let Huck smoke when he wants and she is always nagging. Miss Watson would say, Dont put your feet up there, Huckleberry; and Dont scrunch up like that, Huckleberry set up straight; and pretty soon she would say, Dont gap and stretch like that, Huckleberry why dont you try to behave?(Twain, 3). We get the feeling that Huck is an individual, a person who is independent and has the willingness to live a life free of complications. Accordi ng to Ryan Schremmers essay Examination of Freedom as an Overall Theme in Adventures of Huckleberry Finn the theme of freedom is shown in Huckleberry Finn, which parallels to his distancing from society:One of the most prominent and important themes of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is freedom. Freedom not only from Hucks internal paradoxical struggle in defining right and wrong, but also freedom from Hucks personal relationships with the Widow Douglas and his father, as well as freedom from the societal institutions of government, religion, and prejudices. We will write a custom essay on The Conflict Between the Individual and Society specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now When Pap returns for Huck, and the matter of custody is brought before the court, the reader is forced to see the corruption of society. The judge rules that Huck belongs to Pap, and forces him to obey an evil and abusive man. One who drinks abundantly and beats his son. In this case Pap symbolizes the viciousness and cruelty of civilization. Later, when Huck makes it look as though he has been killed, we see how society is more concerned over finding Hucks dead body than rescuing his live one from Pap. This is a society that is more anxious about finding a dead body than it is in the safety of people. This situation prepares us for Hucks need to escape from society. In Schremmers essay we see how Huck struggles for freedom from two families. He tries to stay away from getting sivilized from Widow Douglass and tries to escape his fathers brutality. Later on in Chapter VI Pap kidnaps Huck and puts him in a cabin in the woods. We see how Huck prefers the freedom of the wilderness to the limitations and restrictions of society. It was pretty good times up in the woods there, take it all around (Twain 32). But when Huck feels Paps presence, is when we see how his feelings about being free in the wilderness change. The theme becomes even more evident once Huck and Jim set out, down the Mississippi in chapter VIII. Huck enjoys his adventures on the raft, Nothing could be better(115), Huck thought. But only a few pages later the raft and Jim provide the same comforts. Nothing had ever sounded so good to him as Jims voice, and Huck felt mighty free and easy and comfortable on the raft(128). He prefers the freedom of the wilderness to the restrictions of society. Also, Hucks acceptance of Jim is a total defiance of society. Huck realizes that society would call me a low down ablitionist and despise me for keeping mum,(Twain 62) but he decides not to conform to society. Ironically, Huck believes he is committing a sin by going against society and protecting Jim. He does not realize that his own instincts are more morally correct than those of society. According to the Hartford Courant we understand Hucks feelings about accepting Jim and going against the norm:Most amusing is the struggle Huck has wi th his conscience in regard to slavery. His conscience tells him, the way it has been instructed, that to help the runaway, nigger Jim to escapeto aid in stealing the property of Miss Watson, who has never injured him, is an enormous offense that will no doubt carry him to the bad place; but his affection for Jim finally induces him to violate his conscience and risk eternal punishment in helping Jim to escape. .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99 , .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99 .postImageUrl , .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99 , .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99:hover , .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99:visited , .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99:active { border:0!important; } .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99:active , .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99 .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6ee72df5af30351c013cb815ae3e5e99:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: †A Few Good Men† Movie Sample EssayIn chapter sixteen, we see the most inhumane action of society. Huck meets some men looking for runaway slaves, and he fabricates a story about his father on the raft with smallpox. The men fear catching this disease and instead of rescuing him, they give him money and advise him not to let it be known of his fathers sickness when seeking help. These men are not hesitant to hunt slaves, yet they refuse to help a sick man. Hucks acceptance of his love for Jim is shown in chapter thirty-one. Huck writes a letter to Miss Watson to return Jim, yet he ends up ripping the letter and wishes to free Jim. All right, then, Ill go to hell- and he tore it up. Here, we see that Huck concludes that he is evil, and that society has been right all along. Huck doesnt realize that his goodness comes from within. He doesnt become aware that those inner qualities are not paralleled to external behavior. If Huck was to catch on that he would be eager to change how society functions instead of running away from it. Huck acts as a much nobler person when he is not confined by the hypocrisies of civilization. Throughout the story we see how he distance himself from society and creates his own world in which he follows his own feelings of whats moral and honorable. From the beginning of the story we see his instinct come into play and how it affects his decisions throughout the story. He almost always goes his own way, makes up his own mind, and lives by his own standards.

Connecting with the Community essays

Connecting with the Community essays Stolen Summer: Connecting with the Community The movie, Stolen Summer is a film that highlights the idea of connecting with the community. A little boy allows his family and another family to connect with each other and the surrounding community. The movie is about a large Catholic family with several sons and daughters who live in one home, and survive off the basic things. They do not get extras, and even the father hates to admit that he cannot even send his oldest son to college. The parents send their children to a private Catholic school, where they are taught by nuns and learn to live without sin. One boy, Pete, gets himself into a lot of mischief at school, and is constantly misbehaving in class. The nuns constantly reprimand him and tell him that he will go to hell if he keeps his behavior on a constant level. Pete decides that he must go on a quest to redeem himself in the eyes of God, and he chooses to convert Jews to Christianity. At first, Pete tries to make a lemonade stand in front of a synagogue. He tries to sell it for free and lend people Christian advice at the same time. Although he had bad luck with this, he was still very persistent. While he is marketing his Christian lemonade, Pete meets Ra bbi Jacobson. Although a lot of the Jews in the community find the lemonade stand offensive, Rabbi Jacobson feels that this will be an enlightening experience for Pete OMalley. Petes father is a firefighter. One day while at the Christian lemonade stand, Pete is joined by one of his older brothers. They hear sirens and see Rabbi Jacobson abruptly run to his car and speed away in the direction of the sirens. It turns out that Rabbi Jacobsons home was caught on fire with his son, Danny, and the synagogues secretary as Dannys babysitter inside the house. Luckily, Petes father, Mr. OMalley, hurries inside and rescues the son before the home collapse. Unfortunately, t...

Network Security Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Network Security - Assignment Example The following is a discussion of responses of two stakeholders to the case. Other presidential candidates should dispute the election of president X because of the involved fraud and Article 2, section one of the 12th amendment support their claim. According to the article, electors in each state shall determine the president and his vice, and communicate their voting results. This means establishment of a valid electors at the state level. Electors are however elected by majority vote and this relies on validity of the general elections. Knowledge of a presidential contestant regarding election fraud at the public suffrage level is therefore not significant to the issue because the main concern is validity of electors from East Dakota. Evidence however points to electoral malpractices that could have altered composition of the electors and this significance means that the validity concerns applies to the election of the president. In addition, electors’ votes from East Dakota were fundamental to the election and this means that invalid votes elected the president. Consequently, the other presidential candidates were denied their rights to free and fair elections that they are entitled to and they should seek judicial enforcement of the right through contesting validity of the elections. They should therefore demand for a rerun of the election because the constitution requires simultaneous voting by electors throughout the nation (United States Senate 1). Like the other presidential candidates, East Dakota citizens are likely to respond by disputing the presidential elections. Their interest in other candidates, significance of the electoral votes from the state to the presidential elections, and significance of the fraud in the state’s elections are some of the reasons for the potential response. Significance of the state in determining outcome of the presidential elections means that

Importance of supervision in the workplace Research Paper

Importance of supervision in the workplace - Research Paper Example This small restaurant is among the favorite restaurants frequented by students from Fordham University. The menu comprises of snacks, entrees and drinks. This restaurant is unique as a buffet is located near the entrance whereby workers are line up with the main objective of providing quality service to the restaurant’s daily customers. A burrito bar is adjacent to the buffet. This burrito bar has all the items needed to make a burrito or a sandwich. The room adjacent the burrito bar towards the interior holds a machine packed with fountain beverages .This room also contains the soup and salad bar. The restaurant also contains a dining room with a table put near the register that acts as a resting place for the workers during breaks. The dining room holds three television sets with one connected near this table. It is also important to assert that the observations were performed in this area. Observation My observation for this report took four days to complete. The first thre e days of the observation were done with the absence of the head supervisor, Kimberly. Observation on the fourth day was done in the presence of Kimberly. This is attributed to the fact that Kimberly was on vacation on the first three days of the observation. Kimberly is an African American female aged twenty nine. She has a Bachelor of Science degree in Food Science, Nutrition, and Dietetics. The observation included taking notes on the different jobs as well as the special tasks that the employees were expected to carry out. The observation elucidated many jobs including cooks (four), entree servers (two), floor cleaners, pizza servers (one), salad bar runner (one), burrito makers and servers (two), cashier (one), dish washers (four), food runner (one), and student managers (eight). The work of the food runner involved transporting food from downstairs to upstairs. Gender roles As may be expected the jobs are distributed differently among the sexes. Serving and distributing food i s for the females. For instance, only females serve entree and burritos. Their job involves cutting food in distinct ways that are catching to the eyes due to their improved appearance. Mary and Jane, both from African origins were the experts in serving entree and burritos. Mary is twenty seven years old and a Kenyan while Jane is a twenty nine lady from Ghana. Both Mary and Jane have finished three years courses in catering and have both worked in this restaurant for one year. It is therefore hard to find a man serving and distributing food. On the other hand, males are involved in jobs necessitating lifting. For instance beverage worker are males are they are capable of lifting bags of syrup that are used in fountain beverage machines. Other roles associated with men include food runners since the task calls for heavy lifting at times. The floor jobs are also usually for men as they involve a lot of sweeping, moping, and lifting heavy garbage bags. One of the most respected clean er was George, a Mexican. George is forty years old, married, and a father of three. He is heralded as being one of the most behaved workers in the restaurant and has worked there for eight years. Therefore, gender roles seem to play an important aspect in deciding the duties of each and every employee. As asserted by Jeffrey and Streicher, â€Å"

Primate Evolution Essay Example for Free

Primate Evolution Essay The theory of evolution began when man first noted his distinct similarity to apes. The possibility of a common ancester with the modern apes had been discussed since the mid 1800’s, but it wasn’t until Charles Darwin published his book, On the Origin of Species in 1859, that the idea was considered legitimate. Since that time, fossil records have helped us to deliniate and define our evolutionary history and to describe the many human-like species that have lived on the earth over the last 8 million years. Charles Darwin studied a population of finches that had been isolated on the Galapogos Islands, and described the theory of natural selection, whereby over time, each finch had changed in ways that made it more successful in a particular niche. He observed fourteen different species of finches, all who were very similar, except for the size and shapes of their beaks. He noted how each type of beak was shaped very specifically for the type of food the bird ate and explained that the changes were due to the natural selection of the characteristics in a species that made it more successful at obtaining food and at reproducing. If a finch with a slightly longer beak was more efficient at eating termites from holes in trees, he would survive longer and reproduce more than his short beaked counterparts who ate termites. His offspring that inherited his slightly longer beak would also survive longer and reproduce more. Over time, the longer beaked finches would be more prolific than the shorter beaked version within that particular niche and the adaptation would flourish while the shorter beaked finches would die out. Eventually, speciation occured (the development into reproductively separate species), as the termite eaters with longer beaks became more distinctly separate within their environment and became reproductively isolated. This gradual change of a segment of a population into reproductively different species, in response to an environmental pressure (competition) for survival factors is called adaptive radiation. Although Darwin mentioned nothing about human evolution in his first book, his science minded peers were able to understand how his theory applied to humans. Initially there was much debate by the general population over the idea that humans could have evolved from the same lineage as an ape, but by 1870s, the scientific community had already come to the general conclusion that a fossil record would be found in Africa, where our great ape relatives were found. In the 1920’s, as predicted, Raymond Dart found bones from Australopithecus africanus, a hominid who lived between 2-3 million years ago in the Pliocene Era. They were discovered in a cave in Africa. From the skeletal structure he was able to determine that the specimen was bipedal; a defining trait of humans, and the size of its braincase was between that of modern humans and apes. Since that time, paleoanthropologists have been able to trace the evolutionary history of the primates including hominids, for some 85 million years and can determine many facts about their lifestyle through the study of fossils and other artifacts (O’Neal, 2006). There is not a complete record, and although paleoanthropologists have presented us with many pieces of the puzzle, we do not know exactly how man evolved into the species we are today. Some researchers have speculated that many of our developed traits were due to adaptations for an aboreal life. The premise of this idea is that as angiosperms became prevailant, an overlapping canopy developed that allowed cross movement from tree to tree. The canopy was a niche that had little competition and provided advantages for primates. Over time and through natural selection, primates took to the trees. They developed opposable thumbs and short finger nailed, grasping hands for holding onto branches, binocular vision for depth perception, and more complex brains to be able to better deal with balance and complex navigation (Simons, 1992). The difficulty with this idea is determining why, since there are other aboreal animals without these characteristics, primates developed them. There had to be some other factors that added the pressure for choice of these characteristics in primates. A primary characteristic of hominids is bipedalism. We likely developed from a chimpanzee-like, knuckle walking ancestor. The reason for the change from using all four limbs for locomotion to standing upright, on two limbs is unknown. There are several theories that focus on environmental conditions as being the motivating factor. One such theory is called the Savannah Hypothesis which proposes that due to drier conditions, the African forests thinned and disapeared. Bipedalism developed both as an adaptation to facilitate movement across the grasslands and as a way to give early hominids use of their hands for food cultivation and tool use since they were no longer needed for locomotion (Simons, 1992). The pressures that fuel evolutionary trends are those that are required for the species improved survival. We immediately think of food and shelter, but perhaps the most critical in insuring the continuation of a species is reproductive strategy. Primate reproductive strategies today include those that are monogmous (one male and one female), those that are polygynous (one male and multiple females), those that are polandrous (one female, multiple males), and those that are promiscuous (multiple males, multiple females). Eighty percent of primates practice polygyny, eighteen percent practice monogomy, with polandry seen only in some of the Callitrichids, the marmosets and tamarins, and promiscuity seen in chimps. The evolution of polygyny can be easily rationalized. In polygynous strategies, the egg has a high energy cost and the female puts her energy into childcare. Males may help with childcare as well, but females have a long period of gestation and then a period of lactation, so childcare is their primary focus. Females must focus also on food, not only for themselves, but for their offspring, whether directly or as an energy source for lactation. Therefore, female primates will naturally search for food sources. It is advantageous for females to congregate for childcare, for shared food sources and for safety. Reproductive success for a female primate is through the focused care of each individual offspring. Males do not have the same enforced biological costs throughout the reproductive process. Sperm are easily produced in large quantities at a low energy cost. Reproductive success for males is through the number off offspring he can produce. Under these circumstances, polygyny is the most efficient reproductive strategy for species survival (O’Neal, 2006). Mongomous primates have a different environment. Monogomy is driven by the spacial arrangements of females or when the male’s role in childcare is critical. When females do not gather, it is logistically not feasible for the male to obtain additional mates. Gibbon females will not tolerate another female in her claimed territory. The males might have the tendancy toward polygyny, but the females won’t allow it. Monogomy in tamarins is necessary because of the relative size of the offspring to parent size. The young, although still dependent on parental care, quickly grow to near adult size. It is nearly impossible for a single female to raise her offspring alone. Although reproductive strategy is varied among primates, each species’ tendancy is based on the evolutionary pressure for their survival and success. Recent fossil discoveries have been able to describe an evolutionary history that dates back as far as 4. million years ago to the Autraliopitecines. An almost complete skeleton was found in 1974 in Hadar, Ethiopia and adopted the name Lucy. This was the first human –like homonid. Lucy was bi pedal and had a large brain for her body size of 48 inches. Since that time, other fossils of Australopitecines have been uncovered, but Lucy remains the most complete, and is the standard for the species (Primate Info Net, 2008). Homo habilis is thought to have descended directly from a species of Australopithecine hominid and lived from approximately 2. 2 to 1. million years ago. Fossils found in Tanzania in 1962 by Louis and Mary Leakey show that Homo habilis was short and had long arms, like the Australipithecines, but had a decrease in facial protrusion, giving it a more human-like appearance. They used rudimentary tools in their hunting and gathering (Primate Info Net, 2008). Homo erectus had a larger brain case than Homo habilis and stood slightly more erect. They also had more sophisticated tools that were able to cut and slice. They had discovered the use of fire and were the first actual hunter-gatherer society. They lived approximately 2. 2 to 1. 1 million years ago and were the first to leave Africa and travel throughout the Great Rift Valley (Primate Info Net, 2008). . Homo sapiens archaic or Neanderthal Man inhabited Europe and parts of Asia approximately 1. 2 million years ago. They were a fairly sophisticated society. They buried their dead, had fire, ate meat and had modern tools like hand axes and knives. They were adapted to a colder climate with short, robust statures and large noses. Their brain capacity was greater than modern humans and they had language. There were probably only about 10,000 Neanderthals and they slowly disappeared as modern man, Homo sapiens sapiens began to appear 200,000 years ago (Primate Info Net, 2008). . Throughout man’s evolutionary history there has been a trend toward greater intelligence, mobility and refined physical and mental control. We are evolving each day towards a better version of ourselves. Are we the final model? Or will we eventually be replaced by a more efficient, successful hominid? In all likelihood, we will.

The Characters Of Samson And Dalila in Miltons Samson Agonistes Essay

The Characters Of Samson And Dalila in Milton's Samson Agonistes      Ã‚   The character of Dalila is first described by Samson, in his opening dialogue with the Chorus, as "that specious Monster, my accomplish'd snare." He also later describes her as "fallacious, unclean, unchaste". Thus when she finally appears in person, the reader is perhaps surprised to hear the Chorus uses a simile of a pulchritudinous ship to describe Dalila, "so bedeck'd, ornate and gay". It is the first mention of her physical beauty. Neither does the Chorus merely mention it in passing; the chorus takes a total of eleven lines to describe the full extent of Dalila's beauty. The Chorus continues this extended simile, admiring her "tackle trim . . . and streamers waving". She even smells sweet, being followed by a damsel train and "amber scent of odorous perfume". It seems as if the Chorus has fallen under Dalila's spell as Samson had.    Samson, however, is under no such illusions. Perhaps his blindness prevents him from capitulating to her beauty, in the same way that in Greek mythology, sailors, having blocked up their ears, saw the Sirens for the evil creatures that they were, rather than be charmed to their deaths by their beautiful singing. His blindness is perhaps the reason that he has made no reference to Dalila's beauty - her seemingly only asset he is no longer able to appreciate. Unlike the Chorus, Samson is not so welcoming. He calls her a "Traitress" and bids the Chorus not to let her go near him. The Chorus, however, seems powerless to act against Dalila, as "yet on she moves". They appear to still be under the spell of Dalila's captivating beauty, this time assimilating her beauty with that of "a fair flower". ... ...le Milton. New York: Penguin, 1977 [1949]. Erskine-Hill, Howard. Poetry and the Realm of Politics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996. Fish, Stanley. How Milton Works. Cambridge: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2001. Hale, John K. "Milton's Preface to 'Samson Agonistes.'" The Explicator. Vol. 52. No. 2. P. 73. (Winter 1994): 3 pp. Online. Internet. 20 April. 1997. Lewalski, Barbara. The Life of John Milton. Malden: Blackwell Publishers Inc, 2000. Martindale, Charles. John Milton and the Transformation of Ancient Epic. Totowa: Barnes and Noble Books, 1986. Milton, John. Samson Agonistes.   In John Milton: Complete Poems and Major Prose. Ed. Merritt Y. Hughes. New York: Macmillan, 1957. 531-93. Radzinowicz, Mary Ann. Towards Samson Agonistes: The Growth of Milton's Mind. Princeton:   Princeton University Press, 1978.

How Effective Are Various Methods in Reducing Recidivism Essay

Prison, non-custodial sentences and rehabilitation seem all failed in reducing recidivism; however, there is little and limited evidence to support non-custodial sentences, as well as some people think if rehabilitation could be implemented effectively, it would work. Although the advantage of prison is keeping our society from dangerous people, when it comes to reducing recidivism rate, the effect of prison is disappointing. The public usually think that imprisonment is safer for communities; however, it appears powerless to deter inmates from committing crime again. In the article, â€Å"Study shows building prisons did not prevent repeat crimes†, Fox Butterfield (2002) cites a large-scale study of recidivism from the Bureau of Justice Statistics, which investigated up to 272,111 former prisoners in 15 states during the first three years after being released. It found that 67% of inmates broke the law again in three years right after their release in 1994. It is surprised that it does not make any difference to recidivism rate which was studied in 1960’s, and it is even 5% higher than the study done in 1983. In addition, it indicated that the more rearrest records a criminal has, the higher recidivism rate he has. The inmates who have more than 15 prior arrests have 82. 1% of recidivism rate. Nevertheless, according to Emily Kingham’s article (2006), she believes that prison forces offenders to regret and reflect on their behaviour; as for the reason that criminals cannot reject the temptation of committing new crime is because of inadequate provided support. In spite of this, some experts have admitted that prison does not work in terms of reducing recidivism rate (Considering the alternatives 1978; Finckenauer 1988). Some limited evidence has shown that non-custodial sentences may decrease recidivism; regardless of some experts being sceptical about their desired achievements. On the one hand, alternative sentences can help government save money and alleviate over-cramped number of criminals in prison (Considering the alternatives 1978). On the other hand, Kingham(2006) points out that alternative sentences do nothing but return prisoners to their original circumstances, which result in unawareness of their crimes and the onsequences. One study indicated that through one of alternative sentences, intensive probation, recidivism rate is less than 20%; however, the evidence maybe weak as the study has not been completely put into practice (Considering the alternatives 1978). Furthermore, in the Minnesota, alternative sentences have been successfully adopted to keep criminal rate not increasing, but it may not be convinced because of the source not being confirmed (Considering the alternatives 1978) . While some people argue rehabilitation is also failed in reducing recidivism rate, some authors counter that if government could support rehabilitation, recidivism rate would decrease. According to the article, â€Å"Prison†, James O. Finckenauer (1988) cites some studies, which shows that even though the government has already provided with good rehabilitation programmes, they cannot achieve reformatory of inmates. On the other hand, this position is contested by Joan Petersilis (cited in Butterfield 2002), a professor of criminology at the University of California at Irvine and an expert on parole, who says that state governments spent such little money on rehabilitation programs that inmates do not receive sufficient help with drug addition, work skill and preparation for a new life, which may lead increasing recidivism rate. Butterfield (2002) further cites the statement by Mr. Travis, who also argues that criminals return to crime.

Are Skyquakes Real Science of the Mystery Boom

A skyquake or mystery boom is like an earthquake in the sky. If youve ever heard a sonic boom or cannon fire then youll have a good idea what a skyquake sounds like. Its a stupendously loud, window-rattling noise. While a sonic boom is caused by an object breaking the sound barrier, a skyquake is when a boom occurs with no apparent cause. Are Skyquakes Real? You can search YouTube for videos of skyquakes to hear what they sound like, but be warned: many of these videos are hoaxes (e.g., skyquake2012s channel). However, the phenomenon is real and has been reported for centuries. Locations reporting skyquakes include the Ganges river in India, the East Coast and Finger Lakes of the United States, the North Sea of Japan, the Bay of Fundy in Canada, and parts of Australia, Belgium, Scotland, Italy and Ireland. Skyquakes have their own names in various parts of the world: In Bangladesh, they are called  Barisal guns (referring to the Barisal region of East Bengal).Italians have several names for skyquakes, including balza, brontidi, lagoni, and marine.The Japanese name the sounds umimari (cries from the sea).In Belgium and the Netherlands, skyquakes are called mistpoeffers.In Iran and the Philippines, they are retumbos.In the United States, some recurring skyquakes are the Seneca guns (near Seneca Lake, New York) and Moodus noises in Connecticut. Possible Causes While sonic booms from aircraft might explain some skyquakes, the explanation doesnt account for reports predating the invention of supersonic flight. The Iroquois of North America believed the booms were the sound of the Great Spirit continuing creation of the world. Some people believe the sounds are produced by UFOs. Most scientists propose other possible explanations: Some modern skyquakes may be sonic booms from meteors or military aircraft.Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions may produce sounds that are heard far from their point of origin. There are well-documented accounts of booming sounds associated with earthquakes, particularly those with a shallow origin. For example, the quakes in Spokane, Washington in 2001 and New Madrid, Missouri in 1811-1812 were accompanied by reports resembling artillery fire.The sound may be distant thunder, with the sound focused by atmosphere. Some skyquakes may also result from clear-sky lightning (the bolt from the blue).  which occurs near mountain ranges or large open areas, such as plains, sounds, or lakes.Some skyquakes may be produced by coronal mass ejections (CMEs). A CME is a solar radiation storm that can accelerate protons to 40 percent of the speed of light, potentially generating shock waves that break the speed of sound and produce sonic booms.A related explanation is that the Earths magnetic fiel d produces the sounds, either by accelerating particles or from resonance. While skyquakes occur all over the world, most of them have been reported near a coast. Some explanations focus on the possible relationship between proximity to water and skyquakes. One disputed hypothesis is that the sounds may be produced when parts of the continental shelf fall into the Atlantic abyss. Problems with this hypothesis are the extreme distance from the ridge to the site of reported sounds and the lack of modern evidence. Another water-related explanation is that the sounds are produced when underwater caves collapse, releasing trapped air, or that trapped gas escapes from vents or from beneath decaying aquatic vegetation. Experts disagree about whether the sudden release of gas could produce a loud report. Scientists believe there are several occurrences which are not likely causes of skyquakes. There is no evidence booming sounds are associated with global warming, industrial disasters, tectonic plate shifts, the hole in the ozone layer, or ghosts revisiting past battles. Other Strange Sky Sounds The booming sound of a skyquake isnt the only incompletely explained atmospheric noise. Strange hums, trumpeting, vibrations, and wailing have also been reported and recorded. Sometimes these phenomena are called skyquakes, although the origin of the boom is likely quite different from that of the other eerie noises. Fast Facts A skyquake is a loud boom that has no apparent cause.While some videos of skyquakes are hoaxes, the phenomenon is real and has been reported all over the world.Scientists believe skyquakes have a variety of causes, including meteors, coronal mass ejections, escaping gas, and collapsing landmasses. References and Further Reading Dimitar Ouzounov; Sergey Pulinets; Alexey Romanov; Alexander Romanov; Konstantin Tsybulya; Dimitri Davidenko; Menas Kafatos; Patrick Taylor (2011). Atmosphere-Ionosphere Response to the M9 Tohoku Earthquake Revealed by Joined Satellite and Ground Observations. Preliminary results.K., Krehl, Peter O. (2008).  History of shock waves, explosions and impact a chronological and biographical reference. Springer. p. 350.T.D. LaTouche, On the Sounds Known as Barisal Guns, Report (1890-8) of the annual meeting By British Association for the Advancement of Science, Issue 60, pp. 800.